Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Revanchist shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Revanchist offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Revanchist at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Revanchist? Wrong! If the Revanchist is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Revanchist then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Revanchist? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Revanchist and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Revanchist wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Revanchist then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Revanchist site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Revanchist, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Revanchist, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
Revanchism (from French language
revanche, "revenge") is a term used since the 1870s to describe a political manifestation of the will to reverse territorial losses incurred by a country, often following a
war. Revanchism draws its strength from
patriotic and
retributionist thought and is often motivated by economic or geo-political factors. Extreme revanchist ideologues often represent a
hawkish stance, suggesting that desired objectives can be reclaimed in the positive outcome of another war.
Revanchism is linked with irredentism, the conception that a part of the cultural and ethnic
nation remains "unredeemed" outside the borders of its appropriate
nation-state. Revanchist politics often rely on the identification of a
nation with a nation-state, often mobilizing deep-rooted sentiments of ethnic nationalism, claiming territories outside of the state where members of the ethnic group live, while using heavy-handed nationalism to mobilize support for these aims. Revanchist justifications are often presented as based on ancient, or even
autochthonous occupation of a territory, known by the German language term
Urrecht, meaning a nation's claim to territory that has been inhabited since "
time immemorial", an assertion that is always inextricably involved in revanchism and irredentism, justifying them in the eyes of their proponents.
Motivations of territorial aggression and counter aggression are as old as
Tribalism, but the instance of modern
revanchism that gave these furious groundswells of opinion their modern name lie in the strong desire in the French Third Republic to regain Alsace-Lorraine after the humiliating defeat in the Franco-Prussian War in
1871 and the ensuing
Treaty of Frankfurt. For example, the
Radical Socialist Party (France) Georges Clemenceau opposed participation in the scramble for Africa and others adventures that would divert the Republic from objectives related to the "blue line of the Vosges mountains" (Alsace-Lorraine). This ultra-nationalist tradition influenced French politics up to
1921 and was one of the major reasons France went to great pains to woo
Russian Empire over to its side, resulting in the Franco-Russian Alliance of
1894, followed by a series of accords, including the
Triple Entente, which included the three central Allied powers of World War I: France, Great Britain, and Russia.
There are a number of other historical examples, past and present, which relate to revanchism. Revanchist sentiments may have been behind two 19th-century wars between the Kingdom of Prussia and Denmark over Schleswig and
Holstein (the First war of Schleswig
1848-1851 and the Second war of Schleswig in 1864).
However, another notable revanchist movement was that which took place in Germany following World War I.
Pangermanists within the German
Weimar Republic called for the reclamation of territories considered to be the "rightful" property of a German State due to pre-war borders or because of the land-in-question's historical relationship to Germanic peoples. Such sentiment, known as
irredentism, called for the incorporation of
Alsace-Lorraine, the Polish Corridor and the
Sudentenland (see Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia). This had also been characteristic of the Völkisch movement in general and of the
Alldeutsche Verband (Pangermanic League), which was a motivating factor behind German unification in
1871.
Similar sentiments prevailed in post-World War I
Hungary, which called for a revision of the borders set up by the
Treaty of Trianon, especially regarding
Transylvania within
Romania and South-Slovakia which has Hungarian majority.
Modern revanchist politics often center around certain areas of historic competition and claims of ownership, as in the case of
Carpathian Ruthenia and
Israel/
Palestine. As part of the recurring immigration debates in the United States, anti-illegal immigration groups have raised the specter of a "
reconquista" (reconquest) of the
American Southwest by Mexicans and
Mexican-Americans. Much of the Southwest was originally part of
Mexico, prior to being annexed by the United States in the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. There has never been a significant movement among Mexicans or Mexican-Americans to return the conquered lands to Mexico, although anti-illegal immigration groups have argued that there is an erasure of the borders between these two countries due to massive
illegal immigration and separatist sentiments held by the illegal immigrants. Statements made by the
National Council of La Raza about "resettling" the mythical kingdom of
Aztlan have helped to make the immigration debate more tense still. Neil Smith outlines the contemporary theory of revanchism in the context of urban regeneration in his book "The New Urban Frontier: Gentrification and the Revanchist City" (1996).
See also
- Expansionism
- East Prussia
- Fait accompli
- Franco-Prussian War (1870)
- French Third Republic (1870-1940)
- Irredentism
- Karelian question in Finnish politics
- Reconquista
- Reconquista (Mexico)
- Rump state (a geopolitical state of existence that revanchism may create, seek to correct, or both)
- South Schleswig
- Status quo ante bellum
- Uti possidetis
Revanchism (from French language
revanche, "revenge") is a term used since the 1870s to describe a political manifestation of the will to reverse territorial losses incurred by a
country, often following a
war. Revanchism draws its strength from patriotic and retributionist thought and is often motivated by economic or geo-political factors. Extreme revanchist ideologues often represent a hawkish stance, suggesting that desired objectives can be reclaimed in the positive outcome of another war.
Revanchism is linked with irredentism, the conception that a part of the cultural and ethnic
nation remains "unredeemed" outside the borders of its appropriate nation-state. Revanchist politics often rely on the identification of a
nation with a nation-state, often mobilizing deep-rooted sentiments of ethnic nationalism, claiming territories outside of the state where members of the ethnic group live, while using heavy-handed nationalism to mobilize support for these aims. Revanchist justifications are often presented as based on ancient, or even autochthonous occupation of a territory, known by the German language term
Urrecht, meaning a nation's claim to territory that has been inhabited since "
time immemorial", an assertion that is always inextricably involved in revanchism and irredentism, justifying them in the eyes of their proponents.
Motivations of territorial aggression and counter aggression are as old as Tribalism, but the instance of modern
revanchism that gave these furious groundswells of opinion their modern name lie in the strong desire in the
French Third Republic to regain Alsace-Lorraine after the humiliating defeat in the Franco-Prussian War in 1871 and the ensuing
Treaty of Frankfurt. For example, the
Radical Socialist Party (France) Georges Clemenceau opposed participation in the scramble for Africa and others adventures that would divert the Republic from objectives related to the "blue line of the Vosges mountains" (Alsace-Lorraine). This
ultra-nationalist tradition influenced French politics up to
1921 and was one of the major reasons France went to great pains to woo Russian Empire over to its side, resulting in the Franco-Russian Alliance of
1894, followed by a series of accords, including the
Triple Entente, which included the three central Allied powers of World War I: France, Great Britain, and Russia.
There are a number of other historical examples, past and present, which relate to revanchism. Revanchist sentiments may have been behind two 19th-century wars between the
Kingdom of Prussia and
Denmark over
Schleswig and Holstein (the
First war of Schleswig 1848-
1851 and the
Second war of Schleswig in
1864).
However, another notable revanchist movement was that which took place in Germany following World War I.
Pangermanists within the German
Weimar Republic called for the reclamation of territories considered to be the "rightful" property of a German State due to pre-war borders or because of the land-in-question's historical relationship to Germanic peoples. Such sentiment, known as
irredentism, called for the incorporation of
Alsace-Lorraine, the
Polish Corridor and the Sudentenland (see Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia). This had also been characteristic of the Völkisch movement in general and of the
Alldeutsche Verband (Pangermanic League), which was a motivating factor behind German unification in 1871.
Similar sentiments prevailed in post-World War I
Hungary, which called for a revision of the borders set up by the
Treaty of Trianon, especially regarding
Transylvania within
Romania and South-Slovakia which has Hungarian majority.
Modern revanchist politics often center around certain areas of historic competition and claims of ownership, as in the case of Carpathian Ruthenia and Israel/
Palestine. As part of the recurring immigration debates in the United States, anti-illegal immigration groups have raised the specter of a "
reconquista" (reconquest) of the
American Southwest by Mexicans and
Mexican-Americans. Much of the Southwest was originally part of
Mexico, prior to being annexed by the United States in the 1848
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. There has never been a significant movement among Mexicans or Mexican-Americans to return the conquered lands to Mexico, although anti-illegal immigration groups have argued that there is an erasure of the borders between these two countries due to massive
illegal immigration and separatist sentiments held by the illegal immigrants. Statements made by the
National Council of La Raza about "resettling" the mythical kingdom of Aztlan have helped to make the immigration debate more tense still. Neil Smith outlines the contemporary theory of revanchism in the context of urban regeneration in his book "The New Urban Frontier: Gentrification and the Revanchist City" (1996).
See also
Revanchism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Extreme revanchist ideologues often represent a hawkish stance, suggesting that desired objectives can be reclaimed in the positive outcome of another war.
revanchist - definition of revanchist by the Free Online Dictionary ...
1. The act of retaliating; revenge. 2. A usually political policy, as of a nation or an ethnic group, intended to regain lost territory or standing.
revanchist - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about revanchist
In French history, those who, following the Franco-Prussian War 1870-71, favoured a foreign policy directed towards the recapture of Alsace-Lorraine from Germany.
Durham Research Online - From urban entrepreneurialism to a ...
... the dialectical relations between urban entrepreneurialism, its escalating contradictions, and the growing compulsion to meet these with a selective appropriation of the revanchist ...
Revanchist (faction) - Wookieepedia, the Star Wars Wiki
The Revanchists were a revanchist faction of the Jedi Order during the Mandalorian Wars. Their leader was the charismatic Jedi Knight Revan, nicknamed "The Revanchist" at the ...
Foreign Affairs - An Enduring Peace Built on Freedom - John McCain
America needs a president who can revitalize the country's purpose and standing in the world and defeat terrorist adversaries who threaten liberty at home and abroad. There is an ...
Foreign Affairs - An Enduring Peace Built on Freedom - John McCain
We need a new Western approach to this revanchist Russia. We should start by ensuring that the G-8, the group of eight highly industrialized states, becomes again a club of leading ...
The New Urban Frontier, Gentrification and the Revanchist City
The New Urban Frontier Gentrification and the Revanchist City. By Neil Smith. List Price: $220.00. Add to Cart. ISBN: 978-0-415-13254-1; Binding: Hardback (also available in ...
revanchist - Definitions from Dictionary.com
noun . 1. an advocate or supporter of a political policy of revanche, esp. in order to seek vengeance for a previous military defeat.
Amazon.co.uk: The New Urban Frontier: Gentrification and the ...
Amazon.co.uk: The New Urban Frontier: Gentrification and the Revanchist City: Neil Smith: Books ... Price: £29.99 & this item Delivered FREE in the UK with Super Saver Delivery ...
